The skin produced in vitro is,in fact , only the epidermis portion of skin; when the epidermis applied to the burnt area , it leads to the regeneration of dermis (the remaining part of skin) underneath.but improvement in the techniques have permitted the reconstitution of vvirtually complete skin(both epidermis and dermis) , called living skin equivalent(LSE); this technology emloys a collagen matrix as a support for groth of tissue .the skin explants used for obtaining artificial skinmay be either obtained from the patient concerned or from the foreskin (loose skin from the tip of penis) of newborn babies. Skin cells of new-borns grow without scars.Artificial skin from newborn skin explants is used to cover the wound till the patient's skin is cultured and artificial skin obtained for grafting.
the production of artificial skin , in simple term is as follows and is essentially cell or not organ culture . The bulk (Ca 90%) of epidermis is constituted by cells called keratinocytes , which produce the dead cells (corneocytes) making up the outer most cornfied layers of skin. The keratinocytes are dissociated by treating the skin explant with trypsin . These cells are cultured in vessels the bottom of which is coverd with irradiated 3T3 fibroblast cell lines;this is because certain products from fibroblast cells facillitate the proliferation of keratinocytes . Keratinocytes grow tofrom colonies ,which are again disociated into single cells and cultured in the same manner. The process is repeted ill a confluent sheet of pure epithilium is formed ;this sheet is detached from the culture vessels, cleaned and used for grafting. The explant for preparing artificial skin for the graft must come from the patient himself to avoid rejection. A 3cm2 skin explant can yield about 1.7 m2 artificial skin in 3-4 weeks representing a 5000-fold increase. In about 5 years after grafting of he artificial skin , all the essential components of skin are regenrated . Artificial skin grafts have been used to succesfully types of skin repair several types of skin defects including chronic skin ulcers.
the production of artificial skin , in simple term is as follows and is essentially cell or not organ culture . The bulk (Ca 90%) of epidermis is constituted by cells called keratinocytes , which produce the dead cells (corneocytes) making up the outer most cornfied layers of skin. The keratinocytes are dissociated by treating the skin explant with trypsin . These cells are cultured in vessels the bottom of which is coverd with irradiated 3T3 fibroblast cell lines;this is because certain products from fibroblast cells facillitate the proliferation of keratinocytes . Keratinocytes grow tofrom colonies ,which are again disociated into single cells and cultured in the same manner. The process is repeted ill a confluent sheet of pure epithilium is formed ;this sheet is detached from the culture vessels, cleaned and used for grafting. The explant for preparing artificial skin for the graft must come from the patient himself to avoid rejection. A 3cm2 skin explant can yield about 1.7 m2 artificial skin in 3-4 weeks representing a 5000-fold increase. In about 5 years after grafting of he artificial skin , all the essential components of skin are regenrated . Artificial skin grafts have been used to succesfully types of skin repair several types of skin defects including chronic skin ulcers.
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